Pied Stilts wading at Waikawa Beach

 

They are highly adaptable and can be found in a variety of wetland habitats, including estuaries, lagoons, riverbeds, and even man-made environments like sewage ponds and flooded paddocks. Their preference for open, shallow water makes them well-suited to New Zealand’s diverse wetland ecosystems. It is primarily a carnivorous forager, feeding on a variety of small aquatic invertebrates. Its diet includes insects, crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and occasionally small fish.

 

The Poaka uses its long, slender bill to probe into mud, sand, or shallow water, often picking prey from the surface or just below it. Poaka are visual feeders, relying on sight to locate their prey. They are most active during the day, especially in the early morning and late afternoon when prey is more accessible. Their foraging behavior is characterized by slow, deliberate movements through shallow water, often accompanied by quick jabs of the bill. They may also sweep their bill side to side in the water to detect hidden prey. These birds are opportunistic and adaptable in their feeding strategies. In estuarine environments, they may feed on small crustaceans like amphipods and crabs, while in freshwater wetlands, they often consume aquatic insects and larvae. During times of food scarcity, they can shift their diet based on availability, which contributes to their success in a range of habitats.

 

In New Zealand, the Poaka is considered a native species, having arrived naturally from Australia. It has thrived in the absence of many natural predators, although introduced mammals such as stoats, cats, and hedgehogs pose a threat to eggs and chicks. Conservation efforts aimed at protecting wetland habitats also benefit the Poaka, although it is not currently considered threatened. Its adaptability and widespread distribution make it a common sight in many parts of the country, especially in the North Island and eastern South Island.

 

Poaka often feed alone or in small groups, but they can also be seen in larger flocks, especially outside the breeding season. In these groups, they may feed cooperatively or simply take advantage of abundant food sources in a shared area. Their presence in a wetland often indicates a healthy invertebrate population, making them useful indicators for ecosystem monitoring.

 

The Poaka plays an important ecological role in wetland environments, helping to control insect populations and serving as an indicator of wetland health. Its presence often signals a functioning ecosystem, and its behaviors—such as its distinctive high-pitched calls and aerial displays—add to the vibrancy of New Zealand’s natural landscapes. The bird’s elegant appearance and active foraging habits make it a favorite among birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts.

Pied Stilt acting protective during breading season

 

Despite its stable population, the Poaka’s reliance on wetland habitats means it is indirectly affected by environmental changes such as habitat loss, water pollution, and climate change. During the breeding season, they often nest on gravel banks or grassy islands, where they lay their eggs in simple scrapes on the ground. These nesting sites are vulnerable to flooding and predation, which can impact breeding success. Continued efforts to preserve and restore wetlands across New Zealand are essential not only for the Poaka but for the many other species that share these ecosystems.

 

Public awareness and community involvement in wetland conservation can help ensure that the Poaka remains a familiar and cherished part of New Zealand’s avian biodiversity.

 

Created from the following sources :
New Zealand Birds Online
Otorohanga Kiwi House